Associação entre deficiência de vitamina A e variáveis socioeconômicas, nutricionais e obstétricas de gestantes / Association between Vitamin A deficiency and socioeconomic, nutritional and obstetric variables

Este estudo investigou a prevalência de cegueira noturna e sua associação com as variáveis socioeconômicas, nutricionais e obstétricas de 92 gestantes atendidas em um posto municipal de saúde da cidade de Diamantina, Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha (MG). Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista preconizada pela OMS (1996) para o diagnóstico da cegueira noturna. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste exato de Fisher e o de teste de Wilcoxon. Os resultados demonstraram uma prevalência maior de cegueira noturna nos distritos de Diamantina (15,38 por cento) e cidades vizinhas (13,04 por cento). Não foi encontrada associação significativa entre cegueira noturna e as variáveis socioeconômicas e obstétricas (p>0,05). No entanto, observou-se um menor consumo de vitamina A pelas gestantes com cegueira noturna (4,4 por cento). Tais achados apontam a necessidade de realizar novas investigações acerca da deficiência de vitamina A, a fim de subsidiar ações de prevenção e combate a esse agravo neste grupo em particular.

This study verified the night blindness prevalence, the first manifestation of this deficiency, and its association with socioeconomic, nutritionals and obstetric variables of 92 pregnant who were assisted on a health municipal center in Diamantina, Vale do Jequitinhonha. Data was collected through a model interview recommended by WHO (1996) to diagnose night blindness. The statistic analysis used Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon test. The results showed a higher prevalence of night blindness at Diamantina districts and neighbor cities (13.04 percent). No significant association was found between night blindness and socioeconomic and obstetric variables (p>0.05). It was observed a low vitamin A levels by pregnant with night blindness (4.4). This found shows the necessity of more investigations on vitamin A deficiency in order to help prevent, diagnose and combat this issue.

case series study of leber's congenital amaurosis: Clinical description and ERG findings

To evaluate the incidence of Leber's Congenital Amaurosis [LCA] in low vision children referred to electrophysiology ward of Farabi Eye Hospital, and review the clinical features of disease and Electroretiongraphy [ERG] test values to confirm the diagnosis and severity of the disease in Iran. Prospective observational case series. Two-hundred and fifteen cases of low vision infants and young children were referred to electrophysiology ward of Farabi Eye Hospital during 18 months. Clinical LCA diagnosis was made and ERG tests were done and LCA diagnosis was confirmed. The symptoms, signs and the results of eye examination and ERG findings were recorded. The mean age of the patients was 27.43 [range, 1-120 months]. Among low vision patients fourteen percent of patients had LCA. Fifty-four percent of the patients were female. Nystagmus and low vision were the two most common clinical manifestations of these patients. Hyperopia was the main refractive error [54.80%] and mild abnormalities in fundus examinations were found in 67.70% of cases. In nearly 90% of cases consanguinity was found. ERG was flat or unrecordable in more than 90% of cases, but in less than 10% of cases with recordable curves, severe decrease in amplitude of waves was encountered. ERG confirmed LCA diagnosis in 31 out of 37 patients [positive predictive value of 83.7%]. The incidence of LCA in low vision children is similar to other studies. ERG helped in confirmation of presence or absence of overall retinal dysfunction in the majority 31/37 [83.7%] of LCA patients. It can differentiate these cases from other cases with poor vision in infantile age but genetic testing is recommended

A Case of Choroideremia with Recurrent Anterior Uveitis

Choroideremia is a rare hereditary disease with characteristic fundus that causes night blindness and peripheral visual field loss. The authors encounter choroideremia accompanied by recurrent uveitis. This paper is designed to give a description of the condition, along with an investigation of the literature. Ophthalmological tests and treatments were performed. Characteristic fundus, night blindness, peripheral visual field loss, electroretinography and other manifestations led us to a diagnosis of choroideremia. The anterior uveitis was managed with medication.